Major Fungi Diseases of Cashew Trees (Anacardium occidental L.) in Cameroon
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The culture of cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) is increasing in the Far North Cameroon. But, the productivity is threatened by the development of diseases in orchads. Therefore, the aim of this study is to identify diseases and pathogens involved in cashew cultivation. The diseases were identified under the basis of the identification keys. The fungal structures were characterized using an optical microscope and the pathogenicity test were carried out. Incidence, severity and prevalence of diseases were assessed in the dry season and the rainy season. Seven diseases and seven pathogens have been identified: anthracnose (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Penz), pestalotia leaf spot (Pestalotia heterocornis), alternaria (Alternaria solani), drying of buds (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Phomopsus anacardii and Curvularia lunata), dieback (Colletotrichum sp. and Lasiodiplodia sp.), blight of leaves (Pestalotia heterocornis and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides) and powdery mildew (Oidium anacardii Noack). Whatever the season; anthracnose, pestalotia leaf spot an drying of buds are diseases with higher incidence (more than 85, 60 and 75% respectively) and higher prevalence. The severity of the diseases varied according to the location and season. Pathogenicity test revealed that all the test fungi were pathogenic to their respective host parts except cashew powder mildew and alternaria. The results of this study represent database for implementation of integrated disease management approaches in Cameroon.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".