Toxicity Evaluation of Nano Silver on Faba Bean Germination and Seedling Development
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The target of this research is to study the toxic effect of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on seed germination and seedling growth of faba bean (Vicia faba L.). Seeds of V. faba were soaked in 50, 100, 200 and 400 mg/L of chemically synthesized AgNPs for 24 h. The shoot length was significantly reduced upon exposure to 200 mg/L of AgNPs compared to the control. There was no significant difference in root elongation, although the number of lateral roots decreased significantly at 200 and 400 mg/L compared to the control. Seedling vigor index decreased only at 200 mg/L. Conclusively, AgNPs were toxic to seedling development of V. faba at high concentrations. This study also showed that the number of lateral roots is a useful index to evaluate the effect of nanomaterials on early seedling growth.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".