Combined Fractional Erbuim-YAG Laser With Botulinum Toxin-A Versus Botulinum Toxin-A Alone For The Treatment Of Hypertrophic Scars And Keloids
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: The treatment of hypertrophic scars (HTS) and keloids remains a challenge. Not all treatment modalities have been adequately tested. Objectives: We aimed to compare the efficacy between combined fractional Er:YAG with intra-lesional botulinum toxin (Botox) and intra-lesional Botox as a monotherapy for the treatment of HTS and keloids. Patients and methods: Thirty patients with HTS and keloids were treated by intra-lesional injection of Botulinum Toxin Type A (Botox) as a monotherapy and Botox combined with ablative fractional Er:YAG laser. Each lesion was divided into two parts. The allocation of treatment method was randomly selected. One part was treated with Botox intra-lesionally 5 IU/cm2. The other part was subjected to combined intra-lesional Botox and ablative fractional Er:YAG laser (2,940 nm) sessions (4 sessions every 4 weeks). Evaluation of the treatment outcomes was done by the Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS), clinical imaging, and immuno-histochemical studies. Results: There was a significant decline in VSS after treatment with the combined regimen compared to the sites treated with botox injection only (P
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".