Geometric effects on Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity Method for Structural Assessment – Experimental Study on Mortar Specimens
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Non-destructive ultrasonic evaluation (NDE) is commonly used for assessment of civil infrastructures and characterization of construction materials. Among the acoustic methods impact echo, ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV), and surface waves analysis can be distinguished. The UPV method, as it is an ASTM standard test method for concrete specimens, is investigated in the article. The standard specifies the applications of UPV as: assessment of relative quality of concrete, presence of imperfections (i.e. voids, cracks, and the effectiveness of its repairs). UPV can be also applied to monitoring changes in the condition of a specimen. In spite of an easiness of the method the obtained results highly depend on the transducers used, the coupling quality, and the specimen dimensions. In this article the authors focus on the sensor and the dimensions effects. The results for UPV tests on 5 mortar specimens of different heights and diameters are presented. The specimens are tested with 54 kHz and 850 kHz resonant frequency (fc) transducers and the state-of- the-art laser vibrometer (response measurements).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".