Gd<sup>3+</sup>-activated narrowband ultraviolet-B persistent luminescence through persistent energy transfer
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This work reports the realization of Gd3+ persistent luminescence in the narrowband ultraviolet-B (NB-UVB; 310-313 nm) through persistent energy transfer from a sensitizer of Pr3+, Pb2+ or Bi3+. We propose a general design concept to develop Gd3+-activated NB-UVB persistent phosphors from Pr3+-, Pb2+- or Bi3+-activated ultraviolet-C (200-280 nm) or ultraviolet-B (280-315 nm) persistent phosphors, leading to the discovery of ten Gd3+ NB-UVB persistent phosphors such as Sr3Gd2Si6O18:Pr3+, Sr3Gd2Si6O18:Pb2+ and Y2GdAl2Ga3O12:Bi3+ as well as five ultraviolet-B persistent phosphors such as Y3Al2Ga3O12:Pr3+, Sr3Y2Si6O18:Pb2+ and Y3Al2Ga3O12:Bi3+. The persistent energy transfer from the sensitizers to Gd3+ is very efficient and the Gd3+ NB-UVB afterglow can last for more than 10 hours. This study expands the persistent luminescence research to the NB-UVB as well as the broader ultraviolet-B spectral regions. The NB-UVB persistent phosphors may act as self-sustained glowing NB-UVB radiation sources for dermatological therapy.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".