Particulate Matter Air Pollution Effects on Pulmonary Tuberculosis Activation in a Semi-Desert City on the US-Mexican Border
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this paper, we assessed the association (relative risk, RR) between the exposure to PM10 and PM2.5 (as a continuous variable and as categories of low or high pollution exposure) on the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) in Mexicali, Baja California, Mexico. We used a weekly, lagged multiple Poisson regression model. We observed a 10-week delayed effect for PM10 and PM2.5 in all PTB cases and in male cases with PTB. An 11-week delayed effect occurred in the female PTB cases. For all the PTB cases, the RR rose by 2.4% (95% CI: 2.1, 2.6, p<0.10) for each 10 µg/m3 increase of PM10 in the continuous exposure and by 3.6% (CI: 3.3, 4.0, p<0.05) in the high pollution exposure category, and by 3.2% (CI: 2.9, 3.4, p<0.05) for each 10 µg/m3 increase of PM2.5 in the continuous exposure and by 3.9% (CI: 3.6, 4.3, p<0.05) in the high pollution exposure category. In men, the RR rose by 2.8% (CI: 2.5, 3.1, p<0.10) for each 10 µg/m3 increase of PM10 in the continuous exposure and by 4.6% (CI: 4.2, 5.0, p<0.05) in the high pollution exposure category, and by 3.4% (CI: 3.1, 3.7, p<0.05) for each 10 µg/m3 increase of PM2.5 in the continuous exposure and by 4.2% (CI: 3.8, 4.6, p<0.05) in the high pollution exposure category. In women, the RR rose by 5.1% (CI: 4.7, 5.5, p<0.05) for each 10 µg/m3 increase of PM10 in the continuous exposure and by 5.3% (CI: 4.7, 5.8, p<0.10) in the high pollution exposure category, and by 4.3% (CI: 3.8, 4.8, p<0.10) for each 10 µg/m3 increase of PM2.5 in the continuous exposure and by 5.3% (CI: 4.8, 5.9, p<0.10) in the high pollution exposure category. PM air pollution appears to associate with the incidence of PTB in the population of Mexicali.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it