Evaluasi Hidrolis Jaringan Distribusi Air Minum Sistem Beber PDAM Tirta Jati Kabupaten Cirebon
Bibliographic record
Abstract
ABSTRACT Water loss is a severe problem in the drinking water supply system as it disrupts the continuity of the drinking water supply. The Water loss is a severe problem in the drinking water supply system as it disrupts the continuity of the drinking water supply. The largest proportion of water losses is usually found in distribution systems. This study was located in the Beber water supply system, PDAM Tirta Jati Cirebon Regency. The study aimed to evaluate the hydraulic condition and give improvement recommendations for the Beber piping network system distribution. This research performed the International Water Association (IWA) water balance concept through water production and water usage data. Furthermore, the hydraulic condition is evaluated using water usage, ground-level elevation, water usage pattern, and the existing distribution network's technical data. The evaluation was conducted by simulation using EPANET 2.0 from the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), which then compared to the design criteria listed in Permen PUPR No. 27 2016. The results show a 44.38% percentage of water loss due to a pipe leak. Simulation results showed a segment of pipe having velocity less than 0.3 m/s (43.31%), and all nodes had pressure below 12.4 MPa. The simulation results also showed some nodes had pressure greater than 100 mKa and exceeded the HDPE SDR 17 pipe's maximum capacity. This condition causes many pipe leaks that occur in the system, so it is recommended to install a Pressure Reducing Valve (PRV) and change of pipe diameter. The study also suggests establishing a District Meter Area (DMA) to detect pipe leak points. Keywords: water loss, distribution network, pipe leakage, DMA, EPANET 2.0. ABSTRAK Kehilangan air merupakan masalah serius dalam Sistem Penyediaan Air Minum (SPAM) karena mengganggu kontinuitas penyediaan air minum. Kehilangan air terbesar biasanya ditemui pada sistem distribusi termasuk pada SPAM Beber milik PDAM Tirta Jati Kabupaten Cirebon. Tujuan studi ini adalah untuk melakukan evaluasi hidrolis dan memberikan rekomendasi perbaikan pada sistem jaringan perpipaan distribusi SPAM Beber. Evaluasi dilakukan dengan konsep neraca air sesuai standar International Water Association (IWA) dengan menggunakan data debit produksi dan pemakaian air. Selanjutnya dilakukan evaluasi hidrolis jaringan menggunakan data pemakaian air, elevasi muka tanah, pola pemakaian air, serta data teknis jaringan distribusi eksisting. Evaluasi dilakukan dengan membuat simulasi hidrolis menggunakan software EPANET 2.0 dari Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) yang kemudian dibandingkan dengan kriteria desain yang tercantum dalam Permen PUPR No. 27 Tahun 2016. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan persentase kehilangan air mencapai 44,38% akibat kebocoran pipa. Hasil simulasi hidrolis menunjukkan, terdapat segmen pipa yang memiliki kecepatan aliran kurang dari 0,3 m/detik (43,31%) dan seluruh nodes memiliki sisa tekan dibawah 12,4 MPa. Hasil simulasi juga menunjukkan terdapat nodes yang memiliki sisa tekan sebesar 100 mKa dan melebihi kapasitas maksimum dari pipa HDPE SDR 17. Kondisi ini menjadi salah satu penyebab tingginya angka kebocoran pipa yang terjadi pada sistem, sehingga perlu dilakukan perbaikan dengan pemasangan PRV dan pergantian diameter pipa. Penataan District Meter Area (DMA) juga dapat dilakukan sebagai solusi untuk mempermudah pendeteksian titik kebocoran pipa. Kata Kunci : kehilangan air, jaringan distribusi, kebocoran pipa, DMA, EPANET 2.0.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".