Learning to Be Proactive: Self-Regulation of UAV Based Networks With UAV and User Dynamics
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Multi-Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) control is one of the major research interests in UAV-based networks. Yet few existing works focus on how the network should optimally react when the UAV lineup and user distribution change. In this work, proactive self-regulation (PSR) of UAV-based networks is investigated when one or more UAVs are about to quit or join the network, with considering dynamic user distribution. We target at an optimal UAV trajectory control policy which proactively relocates the UAVs whenever the UAV lineupis about tochange, rather than passively dispatches the UAVsafterthe change. Specifically, a deep reinforcement learning (DRL)-based self-regulation approach is developed to maximize the accumulated user satisfaction (US) score for a certain period within which at least one UAV will quit or join the network. To handle the changed dimension of the state-action space before and after the lineup changes, the state transition is deliberately designed. To accommodate continuous state and action space, an actor-critic based DRL, i.e., deep deterministic policy gradient (DDPG), is applied with better convergence stability. To effectively promote learning exploration around the timing of lineup change, an asynchronous parallel computing (APC) learning structure is proposed. Referred to as PSR-APC, the developed approach is then extended to the case of dynamic user distribution by incorporating time as one of the agent states. Finally, numerical results are presented to demonstrate the convergence and superiority of PSR-APC over a passive reaction method, and its capability in jointly handling the dynamics of both UAV lineup and user distribution.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".