Differences in HIV burden in the inflamed and non-inflamed colon from a person living with HIV and ulcerative colitis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The greatest obstacle to an HIV cure is the persistence of latently infected cellular reservoirs in people living with HIV (PLWH) taking antiretroviral therapy (ART). However, no consensus exists on the direct link between local tissue inflammation and the HIV burden. Herein, we have compared the levels of local inflammation, epithelial integrity and HIV DNA between inflamed and non-inflamed colon tissue in a PLWH who underwent a colectomy due to ulcerative colitis. We have observed a 27-fold higher frequency of cells harboring HIV DNA in inflamed compared to non-inflamed colon tissue. Analysis of the expression of occludin-1 and claudin-3 confirmed our macroscopic characterization of inflamed and non-inflamed colon. Our results confirm that increased gut permeability and inflammation are associated with a higher frequency of infected cells and suggest that restoring gut barrier integrity may be used as a strategy to reduce inflammation and HIV persistence in the gut.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".