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Measurements of sensor radiation damage in the ATLAS inner detector using leakage currents
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.
fundA Canadian funder is recorded on the work.
Bibliographic record
VenueJournal of Instrumentation · 2021
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldPhysics and Astronomy
TopicParticle Detector Development and Performance
Canadian institutionsYork UniversityUniversity of British ColumbiaTRIUMFCarleton UniversitySimon Fraser UniversityUniversity of AlbertaUniversité de MontréalInstitute of Particle PhysicsUniversity of VictoriaMcGill UniversityUniversity of Toronto
FundersSLAC National Accelerator LaboratoryBrookhaven National LaboratoryEuropean Social FundHigh Energy PhysicsDivision of PhysicsBritish Columbia Knowledge Development FundRussian Academy of SciencesJapan Society for the Promotion of ScienceScience and Technology Facilities CouncilNatural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of CanadaUniversity of California, IrvineCollege of Engineering, Michigan State UniversityAgencia Nacional de Investigación y DesarrolloShanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and CosmologyMoroccan Foundation for Advanced Science, Innovation and ResearchServices Fédéraux des Affaires Scientifiques, Techniques et CulturellesPontificia Universidad Católica de ChileUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaUniversidade do MinhoNational Academy of Sciences of BelarusUniversity of South AfricaUniversity of the PhilippinesState Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and ElectronicsUniversidade Federal de Juiz de ForaUniversidad de TarapacáUniversity of Cape TownHigh Energy Accelerator Research OrganizationUniversité Cadi AyyadUniversity of TsukubaNuclear PhysicsAristotle University of ThessalonikiInstitut de Valorisation des DonnéesUniversidad de GranadaUniverza v LjubljaniCentre National pour la Recherche Scientifique et TechniqueTechnion-Israel Institute of TechnologyTechnische Universität DortmundUniversidade Nova de LisboaInstitut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des ParticulesUniversidade de LisboaUniversidade de CoimbraLudwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenUniversidade de São PauloRoyal Holloway, University of LondonUniversidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroUniversitetet i OsloUniversidade Federal de São João del-ReiUniversitetet i BergenH2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie ActionsMcGill UniversityUniverzita Karlova v PrazeGeneralitat de CatalunyaMinisterio de Ciencia e InnovaciónUniversità degli Studi di PaviaCERNShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityMinistry of Education, IndiaTRIUMFJavna Agencija za Raziskovalno Dejavnost RSSimon Fraser UniversityUniversidad de Buenos AiresCentre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueMax-Planck-GesellschaftDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University College LondonIsrael Science FoundationGeneral Secretariat for Research and TechnologyGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenLunds UniversitetNational Research Center "Kurchatov Institute"Université de GenèveUniversity of TorontoUniversité Hassan II de CasablancaGeneralitat ValencianaNational Science FoundationSiberian Branch, Russian Academy of SciencesFundação para a Ciência e a TecnologiaTomsk State UniversityCompute CanadaRadboud UniversiteitDanmarks GrundforskningsfondAbdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical PhysicsConsejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y TécnicasSapienza Università di RomaAgence Nationale de la RechercheUniversité de FribourgTürkiye Atom Enerjisi KurumuUniversiteit van AmsterdamUniversität HeidelbergNederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk OnderzoekDeutsche ForschungsgemeinschaftDepartment of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, IndiaAkademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanislawa StaszicaUniversity of SussexFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São PauloLeverhulme TrustEuropean CommissionAlbert-Ludwigs-Universität FreiburgUniversity College LondonRoyal SocietyUniverzita Komenského v BratislaveSchweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen ForschungUniversity of GlasgowYork UniversityUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignLouisiana Tech UniversityUniversité Paris-SaclayUniverzita Palackého v OlomouciUniversity of JohannesburgConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e TecnológicoSouthern Methodist UniversityNational Research CentreCanarieUniversität SiegenCentres de Recerca de CatalunyaUniversité Grenoble AlpesInstitutul National de Cercetare-Dezvoltare pentru Fizica si Inginerie Nucleara 'Horia Hulubei'Instituto Superior TécnicoBrandeis UniversityBundesministerium für Bildung und ForschungMinistry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and TechnologyUniversity of OregonJoint Institute for Nuclear ResearchNational Natural Science Foundation of ChinaAix-Marseille UniversitéOhio State UniversityČeské Vysoké Učení Technické v PrazeNational Tsing Hua UniversityScottish Universities Physics AllianceSorbonne UniversitéKungliga Tekniska HögskolanUniversity of BernUniversity of PittsburghIowa State UniversityHarvard UniversityQueen Mary University of LondonUniversidad Técnica Federico Santa MaríaMinisterstwo Edukacji i NaukiUniversità di PisaUniversidad Autónoma de MadridTechnische Universität DresdenAustrian Science FundUniversity of PennsylvaniaLawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryEuropean Regional Development FundAkademie Věd České RepublikyBundesministerium für Wissenschaft, Forschung und WirtschaftSlovenská Akadémia ViedUniversità della CalabriaU.S. Department of EnergyFaculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de LisboaShandong UniversityUniversità degli Studi di TrentoUniversidad Nacional de La PlataLomonosov Moscow State UniversityMichigan State UniversityUniversity of OxfordAgencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y TecnológicaDeutsches Elektronen-SynchrotronNational Research Nuclear University MEPhIRheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität BonnJustus Liebig Universität GießenTel Aviv UniversityUniversity of OklahomaUniversitatea Transilvania din BrasovNorthern Illinois UniversityUniversity of WashingtonUniversidad Nacional de ColombiaOklahoma State UniversityUniversità degli Studi di Napoli Federico IIStony Brook UniversityInstitut "Jožef Stefan"Alexander von Humboldt-StiftungUniversité de ParisStockholms UniversitetAcademia Sinica
KeywordsDetectorAtlas (anatomy)FluencePhysicsRadiation damageLarge Hadron ColliderLeakage (economics)PixelRadiationATLAS experimentOpticsNuclear physicsIrradiation
Abstract
Abstract Non-ionizing energy loss causes bulk damage to the silicon sensors of the ATLAS pixel and strip detectors. This damage has important implications for data-taking operations, charged-particle track reconstruction, detector simulations, and physics analysis. This paper presents simulations and measurements of the leakage current in the ATLAS pixel detector and semiconductor tracker as a function of location in the detector and time, using data collected in Run 1 (2010–2012) and Run 2 (2015–2018) of the Large Hadron Collider. The extracted fluence shows a much stronger | z |-dependence in the innermost layers than is seen in simulation. Furthermore, the overall fluence on the second innermost layer is significantly higher than in simulation, with better agreement in layers at higher radii. These measurements are important for validating the simulation models and can be used in part to justify safety factors for future detector designs and interventions.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.478
Threshold uncertainty score0.186
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
Opus teacher head0.047
GPT teacher head0.301
Teacher spread0.254 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation status
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itQuick stats
Citations12
Published2021
Admission routes2
Has abstractyes