Baryogenesis and gravity waves from a UV-completed electroweak phase transition
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We study gravity wave production and baryogenesis at the electroweak phase transition in a real singlet scalar extension of the Standard Model, including vectorlike top partners, to generate the $CP$ violation needed for electroweak baryogenesis (EWBG). The singlet makes the phase transition strongly first order through its coupling to the Higgs boson, and it spontaneously breaks $CP$ invariance through a dimension-five contribution to the top quark mass term, generated by integrating out the heavy top quark partners. We improve on previous studies by incorporating updated transport equations, compatible with large bubble wall velocities. The wall speed and thickness are computed directly from the microphysical parameters rather than treating them as free parameters, allowing for a first-principles computation of the baryon asymmetry. The size of the $CP$-violating dimension-five operator needed for EWBG is constrained by collider, electroweak precision, and renormalization group running constraints. We identify regions of parameter space that can produce the observed baryon asymmetry or observable gravitational wave (GW) signals. Contrary to standard lore, we find that for strong deflagrations, the efficiencies of large baryon asymmetry production and strong GW signals can be positively correlated. However, we find the overall likelihood of observably large GW signals to be smaller than estimated in previous studies. In particular, only detonation-type transitions are predicted to produce observably large gravitational waves.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".