Assessment of localized pain sensitivity over the transtibial residual limb and its variability among male veterans with amputation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Localization of pain sensitization has clinical importance, however, rarely been assessed in amputees. The objective of this study was to investigate the sensitivity of pain over the residual limb and its variability among veterans with transtibial amputation. Pain sensitivity in 12 locations was explored twice in 19 veteran amputees using pressure algometry. The lowest pressure pain threshold (PPT) and pressure tolerance (PT) was recorded at the distal end of the residual limb (20.5 and 33 Ncm⁻², p=0.13), and the highest PPT and PT was recorded at the mid-patellar tendon (73.4 and 94.3 Ncm⁻², p=0.03). There was a significant moderate correlation (r=0.48-0.52) between pressure pain and daily hours of prosthesis use. A localized pattern for sensitivity to pain over the transtibial residual limb was obtained that can be used to improve the transtibial socket design and fit as well as the selection of prevention, evaluation, and treatment methods.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".