Unveiling the Nature of Pt Single‐Atom Catalyst during Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution and Oxygen Reduction Reactions
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Single‐atom catalysts (SACs) have attracted significant attention due to their superior catalytic activity and selectivity. However, the nature of active sites of SACs under realistic reaction conditions is ambiguous. In this work, high loading Pt single atoms on graphitic carbon nitride (g‐C 3 N 4 )‐derived N‐doped carbon nanosheets (Pt 1 /NCNS) is achieved through atomic layer deposition. Operando X‐ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) is performed on Pt single atoms and nanoparticles (NPs) in both the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). The operando results indicate that the total unoccupied density of states of Pt 5 d orbitals of Pt 1 atoms is higher than that of Pt NPs under HER condition, and that a stable Pt oxide is formed during ORR on Pt 1 /NCNS, which may suppress the adsorption and activation of O 2 . This work unveils the nature of Pt single atoms under realistic HER and ORR conditions, providing a deeper understanding for designing advanced SACs.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".