A guide to the identification of diaspores of the main macrophytes in the Pantanal
Bibliographic record
Abstract
As a major component in plant evolution and reproduction, diaspores are often central to research, not only in botany, but also in zoology, ecology, and limnology. Yet, identification of these structures without the original plant is difficult and hinder the development of research in cases in which the mother plant is not known e.g. in seed bank research or studies with animals (stomach contents, feces, nests) that are associated with diaspores. This guide is a novel resource to the identification of the main species of the Pantanal’s aquatic flora, with high quality photographs of diaspores—except for grass-like Cyperaceae. Diaspores were collected from 53 species (22 families) that occur in different water bodies in the Pantanal. Photographs were organized in plates in alphabetical order of plant families according to APG IV. Among represented taxa are macroalgae (Chara and Nitella), ferns (Salvinia and Marsilea) and Angiosperms (Onagraceae (7), Fabaceae (7), Alismataceae (6), and Polygonaceae (5) presented the highest number of species). This guide also can contribute to insights into community patterns prior to disturbances, carried out through seed bank identification, important in environmental restoration work.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.147 | 0.066 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".