Compact silicon photomultiplier detection of multimodal multiphoton microscopy signals
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Silicon photomultipliers are a promising new type of detector for low light detection applications. In the field of multiphoton imaging, photomultiplier tubes have been the traditional detector of choice. Apart from their robustness, low cost, and low-voltage requirements, one key advantage SiPMs have over PMTs is their compact size. This allows for the creation of compact signal collection paths that will benefit the development of compact multimodal multiphoton microscopes. In this ongoing work, we demonstrate the acquisition of coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering, second harmonic generation, and two-photon excitation fluorescence signals for multiphoton microscopy imaging of various samples using a compact SiPM detector and photomultiplier tube simultaneously for visual comparison. We discuss the relative advantages and disadvantages of using either detector, particularly to how it pertains to developing compact microscopes and probes.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".