Head circumference trajectory in children with perinatal stroke
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Perinatal stroke is a leading cause of hemiparetic cerebral palsy and lifelong disability. Neurodevelopmental outcomes are difficult to predict and markers of long-term poor outcome continue to be investigated. Deceleration in growth of head circumference has been associated with worse developmental outcomes in neonatal brain injury. We hypothesized that perinatal stroke would result in decreased rates of head growth during childhood that would be associated with worse developmental outcomes. Methods: Patients with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)–confirmed neonatal arterial ischemic stroke and arterial presumed perinatal ischemic stroke were identified from a population-based research cohort (Alberta Perinatal Stroke Project). Demographics and occipital-frontal circumference data were collected from medical records. Head growth was compared to typically developing control charts using a 2-tailed t test. The Fisher exact test was used to examine associations between Pediatric Stroke Outcome Measures (PSOM) scores and occipital-frontal head circumference. Results: Three hundred fifteen occipital-frontal head circumference measurements were collected from 102 patients (48 female, 54 male), over a median of 3.2 years (standard deviation = 5.18, range = 0-18.3). After 3 months for female patients and 1 year for male patients, occipital-frontal head circumference deviated and remained below normal growth trajectories ( P < .05) with a large effect size (Cohen d >0.8). Poor outcome (PSOM ≥ 1) was associated with smaller occipital-frontal head circumference ( P < .05). Conclusion: Head growth deceleration is observed in children with perinatal arterial ischemic stroke and is associated with poor outcome. Head circumference may be a tool to alert clinicians to the potential of abnormal neurologic outcome.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".