The importance of tidal acclimation when assessing the physiological responses of Carcinus maenas to environmental stressors
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Animals inhabiting the intertidal zone are exposed to abrupt changes in environmental conditions associated with the rise and fall of the tide. For convenience, the majority of laboratory studies on intertidal organisms have held these organisms in constant submerged conditions. However, this is not representative of the daily cycle of emersion and immersion that intertidal organisms experience in their natural habitat. In this thesis, I explored whether acclimation of the intertidal green crab Carcinus maenas to a continuous simulated tidal cycle (from herein referred to as ‘tidal’ crabs) resulted in different physiological responses to environmental stressors compared to crabs acclimated to permanently submerged (‘non-tidal’) conditions. Chapter 1 reviews the previous literature on the physiological tolerance of C. maenas to emersion, hypoxia and thermal stress and opens the discussion of the importance of ecological realism in experimental design for accurate physiological responses. Chapter 2 and 3 are experimental research manuscripts that investigates how tidal acclimation influences the physiology behind oxygen delivery and acid base balance during submersion and emersion (Chapter 2), and hypoxia and thermal stress (Chapter 3). Chapter 4 serves as an overall general discussion of Chapters 2 and 3 with suggestions for future research directions. Overall, the findings of my research show that acclimation to a tidal regime produces physiological adjustments such as elevated haemocyanin levels and lower oxygen consumption during submersion that can influence how crabs respond to environmental stressors. Notably, acclimation to a tidal regime allows C. maenas to avoid the metabolic acidosis that occurs in non-tidal crabs during emersion, likely through the buffering effects of elevated hemocyanin. The results of this study suggest that how C. maenas responds to common stressors in the intertidal is complex, and that adaptation to air exposure during low tides may alter their physiological responses to other environmental stressors. In order to gain a better understanding of how intertidal organisms will respond to predicted environmental changes, laboratory experiments should incorporated a tidal regime into their design.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".