Concepts of static vs. dynamic current transfer length in 2G HTS coated conductors with a current flow diverter architecture
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract This paper uses both experimental and numerical approaches to revisit the concept of current transfer length (CTL) in second-generation high-temperature superconductor coated conductors with a current flow diverter (CFD) architecture. The CFD architecture has been implemented on eight commercial coated conductor samples from THEVA. In order to measure the 2D current distribution in the silver stabilizer layer of the samples, we first used a custom-made array of 120 voltage taps to measure the surface potential distribution. Then, the so-called ‘static’ CTL ( <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>λ</mml:mi> <mml:mi>s</mml:mi> </mml:msub> </mml:math> ) was extracted using a semi-analytical model that fitted well the experimental data. As defined in this paper, the static CTL on a 2D domain is a generalization of the definition commonly used in literature. In addition, we used a 3D finite element model to simulate the normal zone (NZ) propagation in our CFD samples, in order to quantify their ‘dynamic’ CTL ( <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>λ</mml:mi> <mml:mi>d</mml:mi> </mml:msub> </mml:math> ), a new concept introduced in this paper and defined as the CTL observed during the propagation of a quenched region. The results show that, for a CFD architecture, <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>λ</mml:mi> <mml:mi>d</mml:mi> </mml:msub> </mml:math> is always larger than <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>λ</mml:mi> <mml:mi>s</mml:mi> </mml:msub> </mml:math> , whereas <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>λ</mml:mi> <mml:mi>d</mml:mi> </mml:msub> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>λ</mml:mi> <mml:mi>s</mml:mi> </mml:msub> </mml:math> when the interfacial resistance between the stabilizer and the superconductor layers is the same everywhere. We proved that the cause of these different behaviors is related to the shape of the NZ, which is curved for the CFD architecture, and rectangular otherwise. Finally, we showed that the normal zone propagation velocity (NZPV) is proportional to <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>λ</mml:mi> <mml:mi>d</mml:mi> </mml:msub> </mml:math> , not with <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>λ</mml:mi> <mml:mi>s</mml:mi> </mml:msub> </mml:math> , which suggests that the dynamic CTL <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>λ</mml:mi> <mml:mi>d</mml:mi> </mml:msub> </mml:math> is the most general definition of the CTL and should always be used when current crowding and non-uniform heat generation occurs around a NZ.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it