Disabling Constitutional Capacity: Global Economic Law and Democratic Decline
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Voter turn out mostly is on the decline in liberal democracies. It may be that participation in elections makes less sense given the cramped policy space accorded to states following the spread of global economic law. Empirical evidence supports the proposition that many citizens are aware of legal limits on state capacity associated with economic globalization and may choose, as a consequence, to disengage from electoral politics. International investment law is taken up as an exemplar of the binding legal constraints contributing to this malaise. Differing responses have been offered by states, encompassing both resistance and compliance. Such responses are canvassed in a set of capsule country case studies. What are the prospects of rolling back these legal limits? It turns out that the Trump administration might be accomplishing this goal in the pursuit of its ‘America First’ agenda.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.012 | 0.017 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.009 | 0.045 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.015 | 0.011 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.010 |
| Research integrity | 0.005 | 0.008 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.010 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".