Climate change and groundwater : a modelling approach for identifying impacts and resource sustainability in the central interior of British Columbia
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A study was conducted to examine the interactions between aquifers and the atmosphere and to determine how groundwater resources are affected by climate change. In particular, this study identified the potential impacts of climate change on the surficial, unconfined Grand Forks aquifer in south central British Columbia. Estimates of groundwater recharge to the unconfined alluvial aquifer were made using a software packed called HELP which uses a numerical solution to determine the effects of surface storage, snow-melt, runoff, infiltration, evapotranspiration, vegetative growth, soil moisture storage and engineering parameters such as lateral subsurface drainage. The software can be used for a range of climate change scenarios. The hydrogeology of the Grand Forks aquifer is controlled mostly by river stage elevation, but variations in the amount of recharge cause measurable changes in water table elevation. Small but measurable variations were simulated under steady-state conditions using a visual flow model under various climate change scenarios up to 2069. The report contains 6 mains sections, including background information for the project, hydrogeology of the Grand Forks aquifer, an overview of generation circulation models, the hydrology of the Grand Forks region, its recharge capability, model construction, transient groundwater flow modelling, and research findings. It was concluded that the recharge to the aquifer is limited and does not have a significant impact on water levels within the aquifer. 167 refs., 33 tabs., 105 figs., 81 maps.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".