GENERAL ASPECTS OF INVESTOR-STATE DISPUTE SETTLEMENT
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This chapter provides a tour d’horizon of the development of the EU’s investment policy and is intended as an introduction for the subsequent chapters. The first part tracks the scope of the EU’s competence regarding foreign direct investments and the investor-State dispute settlement (ISDS) system as it has been developed in particular by the Court of Justice of the EU (CJEU). The second part analyses the tension of investment law and EU law regarding the intra-EU BITs and the Achmea judgment of the CJEU. The question is then discussed whether, and if so, to what extent the internal market provisions of the EU Treaties already provide a sufficient level of investment protection. The third main part focuses on the EU’s recent external investment policy as illustrated by the Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA) between the EU and Canada as well as the EU’s ISDS reform efforts within UNCITRAL Working Group III.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it