Integrated Electrical Properties of the Frequency Multiplexed Cryogenic Readout System for Polarbear/Simons Array
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Polarbear/Simons Array is a cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarization experiment, with science goals including a deep search for CMB B-mode polarization created by inflationary gravitational waves, and characterization of the CMB B-mode signal from gravitational lensing. When completed, Simons Array will have over 20,000 superconducting transition-edge sensor bolometers, cooled to 300 mK with closed-cycle cryogenics. This significant increase in detectors and sensitivity is enabled by advancements in frequency multiplexed readout. The detectors are read out with DfMux digital frequency-domain multiplexing, with 40 channels read out by each SQUID array, with frequency channels between 1 and 5 MHz defined by an inductor and capacitor in series with each detector. After the system was completed and characterized for Polarbear-2a, modifications were made that further improved performance for Polarbear-2b. We present the characterization of the integrated cryogenic readout system for Polarbear-2a and Polarbear-2b, and comparison of properties including stray impedance and frequency scatter.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".