Acoustical modeling of the saxophone mouthpiece as a transfer matrix
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper proposes an acoustic model of the saxophone mouthpiece as a transfer matrix (TM). The acoustical influence of the mouthpiece is investigated, and the TM mouthpiece model is compared to previously reported mouthpiece representations, including cylindrical and lumped models. A finite element mouthpiece model is first developed, from which the TM model is derived, and both models are validated by input impedance measurements. The comparison of acoustic properties among different mouthpiece models shows that the TM mouthpiece is more accurate than the other two models, especially in preserving the high-frequency acoustic characteristics. The TM model also produces the best overall tuning of the first several impedance peaks when coupled to a measured saxophone impedance. The internal and radiated sound pressure are synthesized for an alto saxophone connected to different mouthpiece models by jointly modeling the input impedance and the radiation transfer function using recursive parallel filters. Differences are found among mouthpiece models in terms of oscillation thresholds, playing frequencies, spectral centroids, pressure waveforms, and bifurcation delays, which can be partially explained by differences in the tuning and high-frequency characteristics.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".