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Record W3138908540 · doi:10.5206/uwomj.v89is1.10655

Restructuring of Healthcare System in Italy during COVID-19

2021· article· en· W3138908540 on OpenAlex
Ziad Sabaa-Ayoun

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

venuePublished in a venue whose home country is Canada.
no affNo Canadian affiliation: this work is invisible to an affiliation-only frame.
No Canadian affiliation. An affiliation-only frame, the usual design, would never have seen this work. It is one of the works that make the case for inverting the frame.

Bibliographic record

VenueUniversity of Western Ontario Medical Journal · 2021
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldHealth Professions
TopicHealthcare Systems and Challenges
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsRestructuringHealth carePandemicPublic healthBusinessMedicineDilemmaUnintended consequencesMedical emergencyDiseaseCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)Economic growthNursingPolitical scienceEconomicsInfectious disease (medical specialty)Finance

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

The rise of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused unprecedented public health responses worldwide. To prevent hospitals from oversaturating, nations are restructuring their healthcare systems to prioritize limited resources and care for the treatment of COVID-19-infected patients. The Italian healthcare system, for example, converted numerous hospital services to Intensive Care Units, redeployed physicians to short-staffed centers, and centralized medical services to a small number of hospitals to meet the pandemic’s demands. While this restructuring served the nation’s short-term healthcare needs, it impeded access to care for non-COVID-19 patients suffering from acute or chronic non-communicable diseases, such as strokes. These patients are at increased risk of long-term disability and poorer adherence to management plans and have an increased likelihood of disease recurrence. This commentary discusses the ethical dilemma surrounding the necessary healthcare restructuring and unintended impairment of care to non-infected patients. It also explores the need for national public health officials to reassess strategies employed during the pandemic and their need to focus on creating ethical frameworks for maximizing equitable care.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: Observational
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.602
Threshold uncertainty score0.997

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0010.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.002
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0010.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.066
GPT teacher head0.366
Teacher spread0.300 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it