Bibliographic record
Abstract
Magnetic storms occurring in the equatorial Earth’s belt, where the Dst variation is mainly manifested, and in meridional sections of the American, Euro-African and Australia-Far East sectors were considered. The differences in the initial phase of the magnetic storm for different observatories depend on longitude and may be associated with the time of the shock wave arrival. The criteria distinguishing the Dst and polar substorms were their latitudinal dependence with max Dst and with the minimal substorm amplitudes at the equator. The special Dst-samples were detected in Europe, Asia, Africa, and Australia observatories. In America observatories an unusually strong S-ward Dst maximum shift (to 40°s) was found. This case cannot be explained by the S-ward magnetic equator shift. Further South, at Academic Vernadsky Dst variations are not observed, though they occur at the same geographic latitude in North Europe. An unusual Dst peculiarities are seen at the San-Juan observatory where Dst is usually less than the normal one, while at the observatory Curu and the other Southernmost observatories of North America it coincides with predicted values. Abnormal Dst and magnetic substorms are observed at the mid-latitude Fredericksburg and Ottawa stations.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".