Emerging Stereotypes about the Target Culture through Popular Culture and Cultural Heritage References in EFL Textbooks
Bibliographic record
Abstract
EFL textbooks are not only grammar references but also a tool through which learners get their first glimpses to the target culture. Thus, their content should be carefully selected to avoid providing the learners with a conventionalized view of the target society which is likely to contribute to create cultural stereotypes. This paper analyzes references to the target culture through the examination of two cultural categories: Popular Culture and Cultural Heritage in five 2nd Baccalaureate EFL textbooks used in La Rioja, Spain. The main purpose of the present study is to explore (i) the status of the target culture over other cultures in these materials and, (ii) the gender, nationality and ethnic stereotypes that may emerge from their content. Results evince that the target culture is predominant in EFL textbooks used by 2nd Baccalaureate students and stereotypes related to gender, ethnicity and nationalities are strongly present in their content.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".