Plasma Cell Leukemia Presenting as Acute Kidney Injury With Heavy Proteinuria
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Plasma cell leukemia (P CL) is a rare and aggressive malignancy of plasma cells with a poor prognosis. Direct renal involvement in PCL is rarely reported with only a few cases in the English literature. We described the clinical and pathologic findings of a 40-year-old African-American male with acute kidney injury (AKI) due to light-chain cast nephropathy and direct renal invasion by malignant plasma cells, diagnosed as having PCL on renal biopsy and successfully treated with aggressive plasmapharesis and allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report of PCL diagnosed on kidney biopsy. Among the various clinical manifestations of PCL, AKI and proteinuria may be its initial presentation, illustrating the etiologic complexity of AKI. Successful treatment of cast nephropathy with plasma exchange and PCL by SCT was associated with recovery of renal function. World J Nephrol Urol. 2014;3(3):129-133 doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.14740/wjnu177w
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".