Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this paper the latest evidence for the existence of a cosmic ether obtained using modern technology is reviewed. The synchronized clocks of the GPS are applied in the search for ether drift by direct measurement of light travel times in the East-West direction. This method reveals that light travels faster West than East and therefore indicates the existence of an Earth-bound ether which we identify as the Earth-centered Inertial (ECI) frame for light transmission. The GPS clocks are then applied in the search for ether drift by direct measurement of light travel times in a modified Michelson-Morley experiment. The East-West light speed difference enables the unambiguous detection of ether drift and the direct confirmation of the existence of a preferred frame. The range equation of the GPS that operates in the Earth-centered inertial (ECI) frame is employed to demonstrate ether drift for rotational motion and Time Transfer technology involving a geo-stationary GPS satellite provides further confirmation of ether drift resulting from the rotating Earth. Finally, using a model applicable in the sun-centered inertial (SCI) frame with Coordinated Universal Time, light speed variation arising from the Earth's orbital motion for light reflected from planets and spacecraft and received at the surface of the Earth is demonstrated. The evidence then is that modern technology has detected ether drift for rotational and orbital motion from the frame of the moving Earth.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".