Satellite Imaging of Global Urbanicity relates to Brain and Behavior in Young People
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Urbanicity is a growing environmental challenge for mental-health. While the impact of urban life on brain and behavior might be distinct in different sociocultural conditions and geographies, there might exist features shared between regions. To investigate correlations of urbanicity with brain structure and function, neuropsychology and mental illness symptoms in young people from China and Europe, we developed a remote-sensing satellite-measure termed ‘UrbanSat’ quantifying population-density, a general measure of urbanicity. UrbanSat is correlated with brain volume, surface area and brain-network-connectivity in the medial prefrontal cortex and cerebellum, which mediate its effect on perspective-taking and depression- symptoms. Susceptibility to high population-density is greatest during childhood for the cerebellum and from childhood to adolescence for the prefrontal cortex. As UrbanSat can be generalized to different geographies, it will enable assessing the impact of urbanicity on mental illness and resilience globally, especially in young people where prevention and early interventions are most effective.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".