Qualification of AGM lead-acid batteries for long-term subsea deployment
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Deployed cabled observatories are providing continuous power to a variety of new subsea and surface instruments. Higher power instruments, like vertical profilers and small ROVs have become possible, but challenge the power feed systems with their large peak power demands. Load management solutions need to be developed to extract the most utility out of the available power. One option for load leveling is the use of subsea battery banks. This also provides uninterruptable power supply (UPS) functionality. Absorbed Glass Mat (AGM) lead-acid batteries are routinely used subsea in low-power, pure discharge applications. Longterm stationary subsea power delivery requires adapting current lead-acid technology from discharge-only, to charge-and-discharge at depth operation. The increase in scale and scope for lead-acid technology requires an understanding of the effects of pressure and oil compensation on the batteries and how to best configure the batteries to ensure long and reliable service in the subsea environment.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".