The distribution of cities in China and its influencing factors
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper aims to examine the distribution of cities in China during 221 BC- 1911 AD and its influencing factors. Some conclusions can be drawn as follows:(1) the urban distribution gravity center of China during the entire study stage was located in the central and eastern regions and firstly, moved sharply southwestward from the Qin dynasty to the Tang dynasty. Secondly, the gravity center moved toward the northeast from the Tang dynasty to the Yuan dynasty, and then toward the southwest direction. Finally, the gravity center during the Yuan-Qing dynasty moved mainly towards the north direction. In this paper, we divided China into east and west parts by the population line of Tengchong- Aihui and found that during the study period, the gravity center path in the western region presented a large fluctuation trend in both the south-north and the east-west directions. However, the moving trajectory of the gravity center in the eastern region was similar to that of the whole country.(2) The analyses of the standard deviational ellipses showed that the urban distribution in the whole country, the eastern region, and the western region exhibited a distribution pattern of decentralization,centralization and decentralization, and this trend in the western region was most obvious.From the perspective of the average direction, the urban distribution in the whole country and the eastern region were similar to a certain degree, with the northeast- southwest as the main characteristics. However, the urban distribution in the western region took the northwestsoutheast as the main features.(3) Based on the urban density distribution and spatial correlation, we found that its spatial continuity and self- organization were continuously strengthened, and the structural variation was in a significant state. Viewing from the direction,we concluded that the degree of homogenization on the Omni-direction tended to decline. The urban density homogenization degree of each dynasty in the northwest and southeast directions was relatively good and the spatial differences were minimal, but the spatial differences in the east and west directions were most obvious.(4) The analysis of the related factors of the urban setting up in different periods revealed that the setting up of the cities of China during 221 BC-1911 AD mainly focused on the flat terrain near the river and the central city with moderate climate.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it