Effective Leakage Current Reduction in GaN Ultraviolet Avalanche Photodiodes With an Ion-Implantation Isolation Method
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We report high-performance homojunction GaN avalanche photodiodes (APDs) grown on a low-defect GaN substrate and fabricated with an ion-implantation isolation method. High-quality p-i-n GaN layers were grown using metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD), and an effective device isolation method using optimized nitrogen ion implantation was developed to provide significant leakage current suppression on the etched mesa sidewalls. Fabricated GaN APDs showed an ultralow dark current density-9A/cm2up to 50% of the avalanching breakdown voltage region and achieved a photocurrent gain of >106 at a reverse bias of 71.5 V under deep-ultraviolet (DUV) illumination at λ = 280 nm. A further temperature-dependent study of the dark current indicated that a trap-assisted tunneling process predominates the leakage current component that also contributes to the carrier multiplication process near the avalanching breakdown.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".