Abnormalcortical thickness in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis, correlations with cognition impairment, and effect of modified Bushenyisui decoction on cognitive function of multiple sclerosis.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the changes of subcortical gray matter volume and cortical thickness, andexplorethe correlations between regional abnormalities of cortical thickness and cognitive impairment and the effect of modified Bushenyisui decoction ( BSYSD) on the cognitive function of multiple sclerosis (MS). METHODS: This prospective study was approved by the institutional review board. 92 subjects were recruited, including 46 relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients and 46 healthy controls (HC). Of the 46 patients, 22 patients experienced the treatment of BSYSD for half a year. A conventional three-dimensional T1-weighted sequence were acquired for all participants on a 3.0 tesla magnetic resonance system. Basic information, detailed cognitive scales Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), symbol digit modalities test (SDMT), immediate memory, delayed recall, and long-term recognition were evaluated. Subcortical gray matter volume and cortical thickness weremeasured by FreeSurfer. The correlations between cortical thickness which MS patients showed reduced with respect to HC and cognitive scales wereanalyzed by Pearson correlation in RRMS patients. The influence of modified BSYSD on MS patients' cognition was analyzed by paired T Test. RESULTS: MoCA, immediate memory, delayed recall, and long-term delayed recognition in RRMS were significantly decreased than those of HC. Gray matter atrophy measured by FreeSurfer showed mainly in thalamus and hippocampus of RRMS patients. Compared with HC, the cortical thickness of several regions in frontal lobe, parietal lobe, temporal lobe, hippocampal, cingulate gyrus, and fusiform gyrus of RRMS patients were decreased with significant difference. The regions of cortical thickness thinning related to MoCA, immediate memory, delayed recall, and long-term delayed recognition were temporal lobe and fusiform gyrus. Modified BSYSD could improve MoCA, SDMT, immediate memory, delayed recall, and long-term delayed recognition of MS patients, and it could promote the recovery of cognitive function in MS patients. CONCLUSIONS: Gray matter atrophy and cortical thickness thinning were validated in RRMS. Cortical thickness thinning of temporal lobe and fusiform gyrus strongly related to cognitive deficits in RRMS. The modified BSYSD could promote the recovery of cognitive function in MS.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".