Understanding Maltreatment: A Secondary Analysis of the 2008 Canadian Incidence Study of Reported Child Abuse and Neglect
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Little work to date has been done to understand perpetrators of maltreatment within Canadian families. This is especially true for biological fathers and stepfathers. The current study utilized data from the 2008 Canadian Incidence Study of Reported Child Abuse and Neglect to determine perpetration patterns in two parent, single caregiver, and blended family households. The study also examined risk factors associated with maltreatment. Results suggest that parents come to the attention of child welfare services for different reasons; fathers tend to be investigated for exposing children to domestic violence and mothers for physical abuse. While mothers were identified as perpetrators of neglect more often than fathers, the majority of neglect investigations involved both parents as co-perpetrators. Mothers and fathers showed different risk profiles. Specifically, fathers were more likely to abuse substances but less likely to have mental health issues or poor social support. Implications for policy and practice are discussed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.011 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.008 | 0.020 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.006 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".