Developing and Validating a Functional Electrical Stimulation Controller for Use with Visual Feedback Training for Standing Balance Therapy in Individuals with Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Incomplete spinal cord injury (iSCI) can impair standing balance, increasing fall likelihood. Visual feedback training (VFT) and functional electrical stimulation (FES) have shown promise in iSCI standing balance rehabilitation. Combining VFT and lower-limb FES was hypothesized to yield more effective standing balance therapy. This thesis developed a VFT-complementary FES system for regulating ankle muscles. In my previous work, I have developed a VFT system with another student. For my thesis project, I (1) designed an FES controller, (2) optimized the controller to mimic able-bodied ankle muscle activation data during VFT sessions, and (3) tested the resultant FES controller on able-bodied individuals as they underwent VFT to determine the effects of the FES controller on able-bodied postural control. As expected, the resultant FES-VFT system did not deteriorate able-bodied postural control. The results of this research contribute toward the development of a more effective standing balance rehabilitation system for individuals with iSCI.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".