CONTROL OF HYPERTENSION BY ETHNICS IN COLOMBIA, A SECONDARY ANALYSIS OF COLOMBIA PURE STUDY
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Objective: Hypertension is the main cardiovascular risk factor and its prevalence varies among the countries according to their economic income and ethnicity. Colombia is a middle-high income country, with a variety of ethnic groups among the national territory. We aim to describe the prevalence and control of hypertension by ethnics in Colombia and its associated factors. Design and method: Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study - Colombia is a prospective, population-based cohort study on persons aged 35–70 years. Ethnic group was assessed by phenotypic characters (skin, eyes and hair color) and self-definition of white, mestizo (mixture of white and indigenous) and afro-descendant. Descriptive and analytic analysis was performed, using STATA V.11. Results: 4457 individuals were included, of those 73.5% (N = 3275) where mestizos, 14.1% (N = 626) white and 12% (N = 535) afro-descendant. The prevalence of hypertension was, (34.9%; CI 33.2–36.5) in mestizos, (37.3%; IC 33.5–41.1) in whites, and (43.5%; CI 39.3–47.7) in afro-descendant. The afro-descendant have the lower percentage of awareness (43.5%; CI 37.3–50.0) compared with (51.5%; CI 48.6–54.4) in mestizos and (52.3%; CI 45.9–58.7) in whites. The percentage of treatment was lower (43.1%; IC 36.9–49.6) in the afro-descendant in relation to (45.2%; CI 42.3–48.1) in mestizos and (47.2%; CI 40.8–53.6) in whites, but only (13.8%; CI 9.9–18.8) of afro-descendant have hypertension controlled in relation to (18%; CI 13.5–23.5) in whites and (17.9%; CI 15.7–20.2) in mestizos. On the univariate analysis we found that being afro-descendant is a risk factor to hypertension against being white 1.30 (CI 1.02–1.64). In the multivariate analysis it was maintained after adjustment by age, education level, socio-economic income, urban/rural and muscle strength 1.57 (IC 1.20–2.06). Conclusions: Afro-descendants have a higher risk of hypertension in Colombia. Moreover, the percentage of awareness, treatment and control of hypertension are lower in this ethnic group. The association with socio-economic or genetic factors remains to be determinate.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".