EFEKTIVITAS DONEPEZIL TERHADAP FUNGSI KOGNITIF PASIEN TUMOR INTRAKRANIAL PASCAOPERASI
Bibliographic record
Abstract
EFFECTIVITY OF DONEPEZIL IN COGNITIVE FUNCTION OFPOSTOPERATIVE INTRACRANIAL TUMOUR PATIENTSABSTRACTIntroduction: There is still a lack of effective therapy in improving cognitive dysfunction in intracranial tumour patients after surgery. Donepezil is an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor that has been a therapy of Alzheimer's disease and has a significant effect on improving cognitive function.Aim: To determine the effectiveness of donepezil on cognitive function in patients with postoperative intracranial tumours.Methods: A clinical, randomized, double-blind study was conducted on postoperative intracranial tumour patients categorized into two groups (donepezil and placebo). The intervention was donepezil 5mg once a day for three months. For assessment of cognitive function, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Indonesian Version of Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-Ina) was checked at weeks 0 (baseline), 4 (end of the first month), 8 (end of the second month), and 12 (end of the third month). Data were analyzed using SPSS 22.Results: Twenty patients, equally distributed in two groups, were included in the study. Compared to baseline, MMSE and MoCA-Ina scores in the donepezil group increased significantly on the second and third month (p<0.001). There was a remarkable difference in cognitive function between two groups on the third month based on MMSE and MoCA-Ina scores (p=0.027 and 0.024, respectively). At post-intervention, orientation and recalldomain in MMSE showed marked improvement, while visuospatial and delayed recall domain experienced as well in MoCA-Ina. There were no significant side effects of donepezil.Discussion: This results can be considered for administration of donepezil in patients with intracranial tumours after surgery with impaired cognitive function.Keywords: Cognitive function, donepezil, intracranial tumour, MMSE, MoCA-Ina, surgeryABSTRAKPendahuluan: Saat ini belum ada terapi yang efektif dalam memperbaiki gangguan fungsi kognitif pada pasien tumor intrakranial pascaoperasi. Donepezil merupakan inhibitor asetilkolinesterase yang telah menjadi terapi dari penyakit Alzheimer dan memiliki efek yang bermakna dalam memperbaiki fungsi kognitif.Tujuan: Mengetahui efektivitas donepezil terhadap fungsi kognitif pasien tumor intrakranial pascaoperasi.Metode: Studi uji klinis, acak, tersamar ganda dilakukan pada pasien tumor intrakranial pascaoperasi dengan gangguan kognitif yang terbagi dalam dua kelompok (donepezil dan plasebo). Intervensi yang dilakukan berupa pemberian donepezil 5mg satu kali sehari selama 3 bulan. Evaluasi fungsi kognitif menggunakan Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) dan Montreal Cognitive Assessment Versi Indonesia (MoCA-Ina) pada minggu 0 (awal), 4 (akhir bulan ke-1), 8 (akhir bulan ke-2), dan 12 (akhir bulan ke-2). Data dianalisis menggunakan perangkat SPSS 22.Hasil: Sebanyak 20 subjek yang terbagi sama pada dua kelompok diikutsertakan pada penelitian ini. Dibandingkan dengan kondisi awal, nilai MMSE dan MoCA-Ina pada kelompok donepezil meningkat secara signifikan pada bulan ke-2 dan ke-3 (p<0,001). Terdapat perbedaan bermakna fungsi kognitif antara kelompok terapi dengan placebo pada bulan ke-3 berdasarkan nilai MMSE (p=0,027) dan MoCA-Ina (p=0,024). Domain pada MMSE yang mengalami perbaikan bermakna setelah terapi donepezil adalah orientasi dan recall, sedangkan pada MoCA-Ina adalah domain visuospasial dan delayed recall. Tidak didapatkan efek samping donepezil yang bermakna.Diskusi: Hasil penelitian ini dapat menjadi pertimbangan dalam pemberian donepezil pada pasien dengan tumor intrakranial pascaoperasi yang memiliki gangguan fungsi kognitif.Kata kunci: Donepezil, fungsi kognitif, MMSE, MoCA-Ina, operasi, tumor intrakranial
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".