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Record W3153534343 · doi:10.54729/2789-8547.1139

IMPACT OF URBAN CITY SPRAWL ON THE IDENTITY OF SUBURBS AND RURAL AREAS

2021· article· en· W3153534343 on OpenAlex
Fadi Nasreddine

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.

Bibliographic record

VenueArchitecture and Planning Journal (APJ) · 2021
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldSocial Sciences
TopicCommunity-based Tourism Development and Sustainability
Canadian institutionsImpact
Fundersnot available
KeywordsUrban sprawlRural areaPoliticsGeographyPopulationEconomic growthUrban planningUrban climateReal estateEnvironmental planningEconomic geographyUrbanizationDevelopment economicsBusinessPolitical scienceEconomicsSociologyCivil engineeringLaw

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Urban sprawl is the rapid expansion of the city towards the suburbs and the countryside, and it happens for various reasons. The first one is of residential nature, and is a result of growing population density while others are of political, economic, and social nature. There is no doubt that the city's encroachment towards the countryside and the emergence of new patterns of construction such as buildings and transportation networks have more drawbacks than advantages, in developing countries, especially in the absence of planning. This phenomenon causes the rise of real estate prices that leads to a change in the direction of its use while decreasing the green areas that are considered the lungs of cities and thus leading to environmental damage, pollution, and destruction of the countryside. This expansion also obliterates the identity and characteristics of the countryside, leading to the loss of its aesthetics and heritage. In addition, urban sprawl also threatens its original inhabitants and may force them to be displaced (force migration) due to the loss of their land, their lifestyle, and their work sometimes. The main aim of this research is: control or slow down the urban city sprawl, and preserve the countryside’s identity and its specificities. This urban encroachment can be controlled by administrative and legal methods, and in various sustainable ways, through planning based on academic and scientific studies including the issuance of laws to amend the investment ratio in the city and in the countryside. This strategy of this research will expose sustainable methods in order to develop and improve the economic return of rural areas by investing in a productive agricultural sector, or in a tourism sector that makes the countryside a destination for leisure and comfort for the city's residents. On this basis, we can stop or slow down the encroachment of the city and preserve the social, environmental, aesthetic, and characteristics of the countryside.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.002
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.001
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: Observational
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.035
Threshold uncertainty score0.530

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0020.001
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0010.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.001
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.020
GPT teacher head0.320
Teacher spread0.300 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it