Production, composition, and mode of action of the painful defensive venom produced by a limacodid caterpillar, <i>Doratifera vulnerans</i>
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Significance Venoms of limacodid caterpillars evolved independently to those of previously studied animals, and analysis of their venom therefore provides an opportunity to examine patterns of molecular convergence and divergence underlying the evolution of venom use. We report remarkable convergence in the recruitment of venom peptides between limacodids and other venomous taxa. Like scorpions and spiders, limacodids have weaponized immune system peptides to deter potential predators, although these cecropin-derived venom peptides are more similar in structure and mode of action to the venom peptides of hymenopteran insects. This study reveals a venom system with a unique combination of features not previously reported in other venomous animals and provides insights into the functional basis of venoms of the Limacodidae.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it