A NEW DEFINITION OF ‘RURAL AREAS’ FOR THE METROPOLITAN CITY OF ANKARA, TURKEY
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The aim of this study is to create a new definition of ‘rural area’ for the metropolitan city of Ankara in Turkey by developing a rural index. Two models are employed in the paper. One of them is a logit model which identifies the factors affecting population density, and the second one is principal component analysis. The variables used in this study are population density, the number of businesses, the number of summer cottages, the proportion of the population with university degrees, total asphalt roads, the distance to the nearest administrative centre, the number of agricultural holdings, total agricultural land and the number of points of interests (banks, pharmacies, schools, etc.) for each neighbourhood. According to the principal component analysis, classifications are made at three levels: urban quarter, intermediate quarter and rural quarter. This analysis is made on the basis of existing data at the level of the neighbourhood. There is an important drawback of this study: it does not include data regarding income levels of the people since there was no data at the neighbourhood level. But with 10 variables, this study is quite sufficient for defining the rural and urban Ankara, including socio-economic and spatial characters of neighbourhoods.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".