Hard tissue dimensional changes following implant removal due to peri‐implantitis: A retrospective study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The current evidence regarding the alterations experienced by the alveolar ridge (hard tissue changes) after implant removal due to peri-implantitis is limited. PURPOSE: To assess the hard tissue dimensional changes following implant removal due to peri-implantitis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Clinical records were examined to identify patients with implants that had to be removed due to a hopeless prognosis secondary to peri-implantitis due to expendability of peri-implantitis implants for functional reasons. Patients with preoperative and postoperative cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans were included. Patient-related, implant-related, and surgery-related factors were assessed based on the clinical records. Linear measurements were made to evaluate the influence of bone plate thickness (BPT), ridge width (RW), and ridge height (RH) at various levels upon the outcome of implant removal. A descriptive statistical analysis of the quantitative and qualitative variables was performed. Correlations of the variables with the primary outcome (dimensional changes) were tested using univariate and multivariate analyses (multinomial random intercept mixed model linear regressions). RESULTS: = 79) met the eligibility criteria. The mean decrease in RW at 1 and 3 mm below the crest was 11.3% and 4.4%, respectively (P < 0.001). Buccal and lingual RH was significantly reduced by 2.2% and 6.3%, respectively (P < 0.001). Few patient-related, implant-related, and surgery-related factors appeared to have an impact upon the hard tissue dimensional changes. Bone regeneration simultaneous to implant removal minimized the dimensional changes of the ridge both vertically (5% lesser buccal RH reduction) and horizontally (12% lesser RW reduction) when compared with spontaneous healing. The use of a reverse-torque removal kit seemed to be critical in limiting the dimensional changes of the ridge. CONCLUSIONS: Minimal hard tissue changes can be expected following implant removal due to peri-implantitis. Simultaneous bone regeneration procedures and the use of a removal kit may considerably reduce the impact upon the dimensional changes (NCT04534361).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".