THE ROLE OF METAL (HYDR) OXIDES IN CATALYZING THE HYDROLYSIS OF QUINALPHOS
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Catalysis of the hydrolysis of the organ phosphorus compound, quinalphos (Q) by (hydr) oxides was studied at pH 4.0, 7.0, and 10.0, and at 25oC. FeOOH and Al(OH)3 were the used solids for this research. Catalysis of quinalphos was followed by determining the disappearance of Q and the appearance of 2-hydroxyquinoxaline (HQ) product in the absence and presence of (hydr) oxides using HPLC with UV detector. Under these conditions, both hydroxides (FeOOH and Al(OH)3) have catalyzed the hydrolysis of quinalphos. In this study, FeOOH was found to be the best catalyst at the used pHs. It is apparent that at pH 10.0, Kobs for disappearance of Q is almost equal to that for the appearance of HQ, which indicates that hydrolysis of Q at pH 10.0 follows SN2 (P) pathway. On the other hand, at pH 4.0 and 7.0, hydrolysis of Q may have followed two pathways, SN2 (P) and SN2 (C), as Kobs for producing HQ is smaller than that for loss of Q.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".