Soft flexible conductive CNT nanocomposites for ECG monitoring
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract With the continuing development and interest in wearable electronics and smart textiles, the need for a flexible conductive electrode for use in portable and wearable electrocardiogram (ECG) for long term monitoring rises. Here, we assess the efficacy and performance of various conductive composite polymers in collecting electrical signals from the heart. Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA), and styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) were blended with 1%, 2%, 5%, and 10% carbon nanotube (CNT) content using ultrasonication and compression molding techniques. The elastic modulus of the composites increased dramatically at 5% CNT and higher due to the high tensile modulus of the CNTs. The conductivity of each material also increased due to the formation of the conductive network past the percolation threshold. At 10% CNT, SBS, TPU, and EVA had conductivities of 257.9, 51.5, and 2.41 S m −1 respectively. TPU and SBS composites had better strain response due to their linearity between resistance and strain. On the acquisition of electrical signals from the heart, only 5% and 10% SBS-CNT composites were able to detect the ECG waves from the heart. The performance of the material met and even exceeded that of the commercial electrodes with slightly less high frequency noise.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".