Application of retrotransposon-based Inter-SINE Amplified Polymorphism (ISAP) markers for the differentiation of common poplar genotypes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
On the basis of retrotransposon-insertion polymorphisms, molecular markers were developed for the identification and differentiation of poplar (Populus spp.) genotypes. For this purpose, short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs) in the genome sequence of Populus tremula L. were identified and assigned to different SINE families. For families with high copy number and high identity values, primers were developed to amplify inter-SINE amplified polymorphisms (ISAPs) with polymerase chain reaction. The resulting fragments produce genotype-specific fingerprints. This molecular approach utilizes standard laboratory equipment and is therefore easy to use for the verification of plant material. We demonstrate the functionality of three distinct ISAP primer combinations in comparison with 10 simple sequence repeat markers to differentiate 23 poplar genotypes. Already by using a single ISAP primer combination, all genotypes could be clearly distinguished. Furthermore, the cluster analysis based on three primer combinations divided clones according to their genetic background into two subclusters (by a bootstrap value of 98). Our results clearly demonstrate the usability of ISAP markers to differentiate genotypes and trace progenies of poplar trees.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".