School Bullying Among Teen Students: Its Causes and Methods of Modification from Public School Teachers’ Perspectives at Lewa Al Jamea Directorate of Education in Jordan
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study aims to identify school bullying among teen students, its causes, and modification methods from public schools' teachers in the University Directorate of Education, Jordan. The study sample consists of (2128) male and female teachers selected by the stratified random sampling method. Moreover, a descriptive survey approach has been utilized in this study. Results indicated that the means of bullying modification methods and their causes came at the medium level on the tool as a whole. There were statistically significant differences in the bullying modification scale and its causes attributed to the variable of gender and favored female participants. The results also indicated statistically significant differences on the bullying modification scale and its causes that are attributed to the variable of educational qualification in favor of higher studies, in addition to statistically significant differences on the bullying modification scale and its causes that are attributed to the variable of years of experience in favor of those with experience of more than ten (10) years.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".