Breaking the Coupling Efficiency–Bandwidth Trade‐Off in Surface Grating Couplers Using Zero‐Order Radiation
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Silicon photonics provides wafer‐scale fabrication of densely integrated photonic circuits that are enabling breakthrough applications in datacom, artificial intelligence, and healthcare. The sub‐micrometer mode size of silicon waveguides makes efficient coupling to conventional single mode fibers extremely challenging. While advanced surface grating couplers can achieve sub‐decibel coupling efficiencies, their operation relies on diffraction phenomena, which intrinsically limit the operational bandwidth. Here a novel type of surface coupler is experimentally demonstrated that overcomes the efficiency‐bandwidth limitation of conventional diffraction gratings by harnessing zero‐order radiation from a subwavelength metamaterial waveguide to a tilted silicon prism. The device achieves a coupling efficiency above 80% to an SMF‐28 fiber in a record 1‐dB bandwidth beyond 90 nm, opening new venues for highly efficient broadband fiber‐to‐chip surface coupling in silicon photonics.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it