Adaptive Parameter Identification of a Fuel Cell System for Health-Conscious Energy Management Applications
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Since a proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell (FC) has time-varying characteristics, its online characteristics estimation (voltage, power, internal resistance, etc.) is becoming a key step in designing an energy management strategy (EMS) for hybrid FC vehicles. In this respect, this paper proposes a new method based on Lyapunov adaptation law to estimate the linear and nonlinear parameters of a renowned PEMFC model in the literature. Unlike most of similar estimators, the suggested approach determines the maximum current, which is a nonlinear parameter, online while guaranteeing the system closed-loop stability. This parameter is normally assumed to be constant while it changes through time owing to degradation and operating conditions variation. This alteration makes the model imprecise while extracting some important characteristics, such as maximum power and polarization curve. Therefore, it needs to be regularly updated along with other parameters. To demonstrate the capability of the suggested method, a detailed comparison is provided with the well-known extended Kalman filter (EKF) as an attested nonlinear estimator. Moreover, to highlight the effectiveness of the nonlinearity consideration, a comparison with KF is performed where the nonlinear parameter is considered constant. The performed experiments on a 500-W PEMFC show that the proposed method can be over twice as accurate as EKF and KF concerning the estimation of maximum power and current while its runtime is nearly half of them.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".