Role of Energy Dispersive XRF (ED-XRF) in Development of Rare Earth Element-2, International Certified Standard Reference Material: Ambiguities and Constraints
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The REE-2 is a carbonatite sample with rare earth elements provided from a Canadian mining company and distributed by Canadian Certified Reference Materials (CCRM), Canada. The reference material was provided to participate in the testing process (round-robin) and CSIR-NGRI, Hyderabad, state of the art analytical technique Energy Dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) also contributed to the development of this (REE −2) reference material. In this paper, the efficacy of analytical protocol developed and comparing the results with twenty one industrial, commercial and government laboratories across globe in an inter-laboratory measurement program are presented. The CSIR-NGRI, EDXRF analytical facility contribution and steps to overcome during REE-2 development are briefly discussed. This contribution is to highlight the international analytical standards and protocols maintained at EDXRF laboratory vis-à-vis international laboratories.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.035 | 0.030 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".