Effect of in vitro Produced Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Inoculum on Anaerobic Direct Seeded and Transplanted Paddy
Bibliographic record
Abstract
It is widely accepted that the symbiotic arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) play a key role in sustainable production systems in rice cultivation and they readily form a symbiotic relationship with these fungi. Four species consortium of AMF, Funneliformis mosseae, Rhizophagus intraradices, Clariodeoglomus etunicatum and Glomus aggregatum, produced through in vitro production system and formulated with organic biostimulants viz. humic acids and sea weed extract were tested in this experiment, both for direct seeded and transplanted paddy, under anaerobic cultivation system. AMF inoculated fields produced significantly higher yield than non-inoculated field. AMF inoculants formulated with a blend of humic acids and seaweed extract produced significantly higher grain yield than the inoculants formulated with humic acids alone, in both the cultivation systems. Effect of AMF inoculation was highly pronounced in transplanted paddy than direct seeded paddy, resulted in highest grain yield, highest grain weight, better grain filling rate and highest tiller production. It can be concluded that AMF inoculants can be potentially used for rice cultivation under anaerobic water management system, both for direct seeded and transplanted paddy and the nature of biostimulants used in the formulation also play a key role in the efficacy of AMF inoculants. Our findings contribute to the growing global consensus that mycorrhizal inoculants could play a role in sustainable rice production systems of the future, when used appropriately.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".