Converting An Icebreaker From An Oil Lubricated Stern Tube Bearing System To A Seawater Lubricated Stern Tube Bearing Considering Environmental And Operating Costs
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Operational discharges of oil from the stern tube is a common occurrence for ice breakers as propellers are prone to impact from ice causing shafts to flex and seals are unable to maintain a complete barrier to keep seawater out or lubricating oil in the stern tube. Whereas solar radiation generally speeds the break-down of contaminants, the reduced level of sunlight in the Arctic lengthens the degradation process and increases the likelihood that toxic substances in the stern tube lubricating oil will find their way into the food chain. Hence, deemed “biodegradable” lubricants may not be as biodegradable in the Arctic operating environments. However, there exists a proven, viable option for vessels operating in the Arctic to eliminate stern tube oil pollution. This paper outlines the process for converting the sterntube bearings from oil-lubricated white-metal bearings to Thordon COMPAC seawater lubricated bearings, based on recent works on a twin screw ice breaker at a shipyard in Canada.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".